Birababaje! Isoko ry'Ibintu Biryoshye mu Bwongereza Riragabanuka

Ku itariki ya 18 Werurwe uyu mwaka, guverinoma y'Ubwongereza yatangaje ko ikuyeho amategeko yose ku cyorezo gishya cy’icyorezo, ibi bikaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko Ubwongereza buvuye mu cyiciro cyo gukumira icyorezo bukagera mu cyiciro cyo “kwirinda indwara”.

Nk’uko amakuru yatangajwe na IMRG Capgemini Online Retail Index abivuga, kugurisha kuri interineti mu Bwongereza byagabanutseho 12% buri mwaka muri Mata 2022 nyuma y’uko Ubwongereza bumaze gukuraho politiki yabwo yo gukumira icyorezo muri Werurwe. Muri Gicurasi yakurikiyeho, kugurisha kuri interineti mu Bwongereza byagabanutseho 8.7% buri mwaka—ugereranije n’ubwiyongere bwa 12% buri mwaka muri Mata 2021 n’ubwiyongere bwa 10% buri mwaka muri Gicurasi 2021, umuyobozi wa Capgemini Strategy and Insights Department, Andy Mulcahy, yavuze mu buryo butari bwo koroshya iyi mibare y’icyo gihe nk’iki muri uyu mwaka.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye na Financial Times yagize ati: “Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhisha, kugurisha byari bibi cyane mu mezi abiri ashize. Nyuma yo gukuraho burundu icyorezo, buri wese ategereje kugaruka ku rwego mbere y’icyorezo gishya cy’ikamba. Ariko twakurikiranye abacuruzi barenga 200 bo kuri interineti, kandi umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa waragabanutse kuva kuri 5% kugera kuri 15%.” Yatanze urugero ku isosiyete ikomeye mu Bwongereza yitwa Boohoo, nk’uko byatangajwe ku ya 31 Gicurasi. Muri raporo yayo y’inyungu z’igihembwe cya mbere, inyungu zagabanutseho 8%.

Mu byiciro bitandukanye by’ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti mu Bwongereza, ubwiza n’ubwiza byagize ingaruka mbi cyane, aho ibyagurishijwe byagabanutseho 28% ugereranyije n’umwaka.

Mulcahy yizera ko guverinoma y'Ubwongereza ari yo ikwiye kuba nyirabayazana w'ibi, kandi yashinje guverinoma ko ari yo yazamuye imisoro ku mbuga za interineti: “Inama ya 10 (Ibiro bya Minisitiri w'Intebe) yifuza cyane ko abaguzi bagaruka mu maduka adafite interineti, kandi yashyizeho gahunda yo kuzamuka kw'imisoro. Umusoro uri hejuru ku bicuruzwa byo kuri interineti watumye abacuruzi bongera ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa, bituma abaguzi bagura mu maduka ahendutse. Mu gihe cy'icyorezo, ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti n'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti byafatwaga nk'umukiza w'ubukungu bw'Ubwongereza ku ya 10. Noneho iyo icyorezo kirangiye, dushobora kwirukanwa, si byo?”

Ibiciro by'ubucuruzi kuri interineti no hanze ya interineti birimo kugabanuka, none se amafaranga y'abaguzi ajya he? Igisubizo cya The Guardian ni ugutakaza ibiciro by'ubuzima bizamuka cyane.

Mu by’ukuri, Ubwongereza buri mu bibazo bikomeye cyane mu myaka 40 ishize, aho izamuka ry’ibiciro ryageze kuri 9.1%, ibyo bikaba byaratumye Ubwongereza bugera ku gipimo cyo hejuru cyane cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro mu bihugu bya G7 (G7). Banki y’Ubwongereza yaburiye ko izamuka ry’ibiciro mu Bwongereza rishobora kurenga 11% mu kwezi k’Ukwakira.

“The Guardian” yavuze ko bitewe n’ingaruka z’igihe kirekire zatewe na virusi nshya y’ikamba, umubare munini w’abantu bafite imyaka ikwiye bari hagati ya 16 na 64 bavuye ku isoko ry’umurimo mu Bwongereza. Ibi byatumye habaho ibura rikomeye ry’akazi ko mu bucuruzi, nk’abashoferi b’amakamyo n’abakozi bo mu by’itumanaho. Ibura ry’abakozi bo mu bucuruzi rituma abacuruzi bahura n’ibibazo bikomeye byo gutanga ibicuruzwa, kandi bagomba kongera imishahara ihabwa iyi myanya kugira ngo bagere ku ngaruka z’ “ibihembo bikomeye, hagomba kubaho abagabo b’intwari” – kandi aya mafaranga y’inyongera, mu buryo busanzwe ashyirwa ku bicuruzwa.

Ibiciro by'ubuzima bihenze bituma abaguzi bizigama imikandara yabo, aho umwe muri batatu b'Abongereza bavuga ko batangiye kureka icyayi gishyushye no kunywa amazi akonje gusa kugira ngo bazigame amafaranga y'amashanyarazi. Minisitiri w'Intebe w'Ubwongereza Johnson yanashyigikiye ko buri wese yagabanya amafaranga akoreshwa mu buzima "arya make". Dimi Hunter w'imyaka 43 yavuze mu kiganiro yagiranye na The Guardian ati: "Twahagaritse gukoresha amafaranga kuri byose uretse ibiryo n'ubukode." "Ubu njye n'umugore wanjye turya amafunguro abiri gusa ku munsi, nk'uko Minisitiri w'Intebe yabidusabye."

Muri iyo mimerere, amaduka y’amavuta yo kwisiga atari kuri interineti aba make cyane. “Leta yatubwiye ko icyorezo cyarangiye. Ariko abakozi baracyandura, bakomeza guhamagara barwaye. Nshobora gukomeza gushaka abakozi bashya gusa - no kwishyura umushahara w’abarwayi ba mbere icyarimwe. Niba umukozi mushya na we yanduye, kandi Elizabeth Riley, nyiri ubucuruzi bw’amavuta yo kwisiga i Brixton, mu majyepfo ya Londres, yitotombye ati: “abakiriya ba kera baje kumbaza bati: kuki ugurisha RIMMEL (Rimmel) Mystery) Ishingiro ry’amazi rihenze kurusha igiciro kiri ku rubuga rwemewe? Kuki udatanga igabanyirizwa ry’ibiciro? Nshobora kubisubiza gusa, yego, birumvikana ko nshobora kugabanya cyangwa kugabanya igiciro, hanyuma mu cyumweru gitaha, uzabona npakira nkagenda.”

Muri urwo rwego, umunyamabanga w’ubucuruzi w’Umwongereza, Paul Scully, yatanze ingamba nshya: kureka abakozi bakajya ku kazi barwaye. Kandi yabasabye gukurikiza urugero rw’umwamikazi w’imyaka 95, agira ati: “Umusaza ugeze mu zabukuru ashobora gukomeza gukora, kuki wowe utabishobora?” 

Iki kirego cyahise gikemurwa n’amajwi menshi ya Riley n’abakozi be. “Umwamikazi afite ubushobozi bwose bw’ubuvuzi mu Bwongereza bwo kubishyigikira igihe cyose, kandi tugomba gutegereza ku murongo ku rutonde rw’abantu ibihumbi mirongo bategereje ko abaganga basuzumwa umwe umwe.” Umukozi Maria Walker yagize ati: “Si byiza kurwara, byaba Covid-19 cyangwa grippe, nahoraga nitsamura, mpura n’izuru, ndira umutwe kandi sinashoboraga guha abakiriya serivisi na gato.”

Riley yaravuze ati “Mana yanjye, ni nde ushaka kwinjira mu iduka ricuruza amavuta yo kwisiga aho abakozi bose basanze ikamba rishya? Iyo wowe n'inshuti zawe mugiye gutoragura ibicuruzwa, baba barimo kwitsamura inyuma? Iyo ugiye kubona amaso yawe, agomba guhagarara hagati kugira ngo ampe amazi? Mu gihe kitarenze icyumweru kimwe, nzaba mfite ibibazo byinshi n'amabaruwa menshi!”

Mu gusoza ikiganiro, Riley yagaragaje ko atishimiye ahazaza h’inganda zicuruza ibintu mu Bwongereza, kandi avuga ko ashobora gufunga iduka ry’ibinyobwa byo kwisiga i Londres, rimaze imyaka irenga 30 rifunguye, agasubira mu cyaro cya Yorkshire kujya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru. Yagize ati: “Nyuma ya byose, abantu ntibashobora no kwishyura umugati, none se ni nde ubyitayeho niba isura yabo ari nziza?”